Acetyl Chloride

Acetyl chloride's production and use in chemical synthesis (acetylating agent) particularly in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and dyestuffs may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 287 mm Hg at 25 deg C indicates acetyl chloride will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase acetyl chloride will react with atmospheric moisture and its half-life will depend on the humidity of the air. No half-lives for air with different water contents could be found; however, acetyl chloride is known to fume in moist air. If released in water or on land acetyl chloride is not expected to persist as it reacts violently with water and other hydrogen active compounds such as amines, phenols and alcohols. Reaction of acetyl chloride in the presence of water produces acetic acid and hydrochloric acid. Acetyl chloride may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is not expected based on the short lifetime of this compound in water. Occupational exposure to acetyl chloride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where acetyl chloride is produced or used. (SRC)