Typical Signs and Symptoms (Cholinergic Toxidrome) of Nerve Agent Poisoning
The presentation and timing of symptom onset depends on the agent, dose, and route of exposure. Potential signs and symptoms may include:
Mouth/Skin: drooling (salivation), foaming at the mouth, excessive sweating
Nose/Eyes: runny nose, watery eyes (lacrimation) with small (often pinpoint) pupils (miosis)
Chest: cough, bronchospasm (severe bronchoconstriction), bronchorrhea (excessive bronchial secretions), labored breathing, wheezing, respiratory failure
Genitourinary: excessive urination
Abdominal: diarrhea, abdominal (gastrointestinal) cramps, nausea, belching, vomiting (emesis)
Heart Rate: bradycardia
Mental Status: confusion, drowsiness
Musculoskeletal: twitching, fasciculations, cramps, fatigue, weakness
Neurological: tremors, slurred speech, ataxia, absent reflexes, seizures/convulsions, unconsciousness, coma
